ADVERTISEMENT
Friday, February 26, 2021
  • Contact Us
My blog
  • Home
  • Health
  • Medicine
  • Nutrition
  • Fitness
  • Diet
  • Weight Loss
  • More
    • Mental Health
    • Healthcare
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Health
  • Medicine
  • Nutrition
  • Fitness
  • Diet
  • Weight Loss
  • More
    • Mental Health
    • Healthcare
No Result
View All Result
My blog
No Result
View All Result
Home Diet

Genomic adaptations to rice‐based diets contribute to mitigation of metabolic risk

Healthy by Healthy
September 22, 2020
in Diet
0
Genomic adaptations to rice‐based diets contribute to mitigation of metabolic risk
585
SHARES
3.3k
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on TwitterPin It

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Sep 21 2020

The traditional rice-based diet of some east-Asian population has brought to a number of genomic adaptations that may contribute to mitigating the spread of diabetes and obesity. An international study led by the University of Bologna and published in the journal Evolutionary Applications has recently suggested this interesting hypothesis. Researchers analyzed and compared the genomes of more than 2,000 subjects from 124 south-east-Asian populations.

We suggest that it may be possible that some east-Asian populations, whose ancestors started eating rice on a daily basis at least 10,000 years ago, have evolved genomic adaptations that mitigate the harmful effects of high-glycaemic diets on metabolism. Furthermore, these adaptations plausibly continue to play a pivotal role in protecting them from the negative effects that derive from major dietary alterations brought about by the globalization and westernization of their lifestyles. These alterations dramatically increased their consumption of food rich in processed sugar and with a high glycaemic index”.


Marco Sazzini, study coordinator and professor at the Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Sciences of the University of Bologna

RICE AND GLYCAEMIC INDEX

Among the so-called domesticated cereals, rice presents a high glycaemic index and is rich in carbohydrates. This means that once ingested and digested, it causes sugar in the blood to increase. If eaten regularly and in large quantities, rice may represent a potential risk factor for developing insulin resistance and related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.

However, if we compare east-Asian people having used rice as a staple food for over 10,000 years with those in the Indian sub-continent, we soon find out that the latter show higher rates of diabetes and obesity than east-Asians. Why are these two groups different?

A 10,000-YEAR-OLD DIET

Archaeology may provide a hint to answering that question. Archaeobotanical findings in some eastern regions of Asia show that wild rice had been part of the inhabitants’ diets in the past starting 12,000 years ago. After rice domestication and the introduction of rice farming techniques, between 7,000 and 6,000 years ago, rice spread rapidly across Korea and Japan. In northern regions of the Indian sub-continent, an independent domestication process had started 4,000 years ago and brought to the selection of rice varieties presenting a lower glycaemic index if compared to east-Asian rice.

“Different rice varieties and a head start of millennia may have put populations in China, Korea, and Japan under a more pressing metabolic stress than that experienced by south Asian populations”, explains Arianna Landini, first author of this study and a PhD student at the University of Edinburgh. “This might have allowed them to evolve genomic adaptations that mitigate the risk of becoming ill with metabolic diseases linked with a high-sugar diet”.

RICE AND GENOMIC ADAPTATIONS

To test such a hypothesis, researchers analysed the genome of more than 2,000 subjects from 124 east-Asian and south-Asian populations. Then, they compared the adaptive evolution observed in Chinese Han and Tujia ethnic groups, as well as in people of Korean and Japanese ancestry (with a long-standing tradition of rice-based diets) with that of people from regions of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, and south-east Asia. Southeast Asian subjects were used as control groups because their adoption of cereal-based diets occurred many thousand years later.

“The genomic adaptations observed in control groups differ greatly from those of east Asian populations and are not related to metabolic stress due to a specific diet”, says Claudia Ojeda-Granados, one of the authors and a research fellow at the University of Bologna. “Chinese Han and Tujia ethnic groups, as well as people of Korean and Japanese ancestry show instead similar metabolic genomic adaptations”.

Some of the genetic modifications the researchers identified are associated with a lower BMI and a weaker risk of cardiovascular diseases thanks to a reduced conversion of carbohydrates into cholesterol and fatty acids. Some other adaptations favour a reduced insulin resistance as they negatively modulate the glucogenesis in the liver. Finally, some others stimulate the production of retinoic acid, which is a metabolite of vitamin A. Deficiency in this nutritional organic compound often causes health-issues in people eating a rice-based diet.

“Our results demonstrate once again how studying evolutionary history may successfully inform biomedical research, eventually leading to the identification of the mechanisms underlying the different susceptibility of human populations to different diseases”, concludes Sazzini.

THE AUTHORS OF THE STUDY

The title of this study is “Genomic adaptations to cereal-based diets contribute to mitigating metabolic risk in some human populations of East Asian ancestry” and was published in the journal Evolutionary Applications. The research coordinator is Marco Sazzini, professor at the Molecular Anthropology Lab and Genomic Biology Center of the Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Sciences of the University of Bologna and of the Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change.

Source:

Journal reference:

Landini, A., et al. (2020) Genomic adaptations to cereal‐based diets contribute to mitigate metabolic risk in some human populations of East Asian ancestry. Evolutionary Applications. doi.org/10.1111/eva.13090.

Source link

You might also like

Push for plant-based diets possible as part of agricultural sustainability

Adding plant-rich foods to your diet is a good thing

6 anti-inflammatory diets you must follow in your 20s and 30s to prevent rheumat

Previous Post

Weight loss | Have you put on a few pounds during pandemic? These 5 holistic weight loss tips will trim your belly fat

Next Post

Santa Barbara City College opens in person fitness classes

Healthy

Healthy

Related Posts

Push for plant-based diets possible as part of agricultural sustainability
Diet

Push for plant-based diets possible as part of agricultural sustainability

by Healthy
February 26, 2021
Adding plant-rich foods to your diet is a good thing
Diet

Adding plant-rich foods to your diet is a good thing

by Healthy
February 25, 2021
6 anti-inflammatory diets you must follow in your 20s and 30s to prevent rheumat
Diet

6 anti-inflammatory diets you must follow in your 20s and 30s to prevent rheumat

by Healthy
February 25, 2021
B-SMART researches link between diet, Adderall use
Diet

B-SMART researches link between diet, Adderall use

by Healthy
February 25, 2021
Can your diet influence your blood sugar levels? Here are some diabetes-friendly diets that you can follow
Diet

Can your diet influence your blood sugar levels? Here are some diabetes-friendly diets that you can follow

by Healthy
February 25, 2021
Next Post
Santa Barbara City College opens in person fitness classes

Santa Barbara City College opens in person fitness classes

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Recommended

Clinical Nutrition Market Size and Trends, Regulations and Competitive Landscape Outlook to 2027 – Germany English News

Clinical Nutrition Market Size and Trends, Regulations and Competitive Landscape Outlook to 2027 – Germany English News

April 14, 2020
A diet that’s good for you and the planet

A diet that’s good for you and the planet

April 22, 2020

Categories

  • Diet
  • Fitness
  • Health
  • Healthcare
  • Medicine
  • Mental Health
  • Nutrition
  • Weight Loss

Don't miss it

State lawmakers grill New York health commissioner on COVID response
Health

State lawmakers grill New York health commissioner on COVID response

February 26, 2021
Local community is thankful for bringing sports medicine to its area
Medicine

Local community is thankful for bringing sports medicine to its area

February 26, 2021
Poll from the California Health Care Foundation provides views on COVID-19’s affects on providers on the frontline – State of Reform
Healthcare

Poll from the California Health Care Foundation provides views on COVID-19’s affects on providers on the frontline – State of Reform

February 26, 2021
The Battle Within: DJ Carton’s journey through mental health (pt 3) – WHBF – OurQuadCities.com
Mental Health

The Battle Within: DJ Carton’s journey through mental health (pt 3) – WHBF – OurQuadCities.com

February 26, 2021
Miramar’s Mayor to Host Annual Health & Fitness Timed 5K on April 3 : South Florida Caribbean News
Fitness

Miramar’s Mayor to Host Annual Health & Fitness Timed 5K on April 3 : South Florida Caribbean News

February 26, 2021
Push for plant-based diets possible as part of agricultural sustainability
Diet

Push for plant-based diets possible as part of agricultural sustainability

February 26, 2021
My blog

All the latest breaking news on Healthy Eating. Browse The Independent's complete collection of articles and commentary on Healthy Eating

Categories

  • Diet
  • Fitness
  • Health
  • Healthcare
  • Medicine
  • Mental Health
  • Nutrition
  • Weight Loss

Trending

Indiana Regenerative Medicine Welcomes Annamarie Salyer to the Practice

The best fitness retreats in Southeast Asia

Squeezing optimal nutrition out of your veggie juice | Health

Gluten-free Diet Market Size, Share, Statistics, Demand and Revenue, Forecast 2025

Recent News

State lawmakers grill New York health commissioner on COVID response

State lawmakers grill New York health commissioner on COVID response

February 26, 2021
Local community is thankful for bringing sports medicine to its area

Local community is thankful for bringing sports medicine to its area

February 26, 2021

© 2020 eathealthyandlivehealthy.com

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Health
  • Medicine
  • Nutrition
  • Fitness
  • Diet
  • Weight Loss
  • More
    • Mental Health
    • Healthcare

© 2020 eathealthyandlivehealthy.com

//stawhoph.com/afu.php?zoneid=3399210